Rolling bearings typically operate under high loads with minimal contact areas while rotating at certain speeds, making material selection critical. While high-carbon chromium bearing steel is often sufficient, specialized scenarios demand unique materials. Below are key bearing materials  and their applications:

‌1. Ceramic Bearings‌
  Ceramic boasts exceptional hardness—far exceeding conventional metals—providing superior wear resistance and the ability to withstand extreme pressures and loads. Its low density reduces rotational inertia, enhancing equipment responsiveness and efficiency. Ceramic also excels in high-temperature environments, maintaining dimensional stability and performance without thermal deformation. With excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, and oxidation resistance, ceramic bearings thrive in harsh conditions. 

  These properties make them ideal for critical components like aircraft engines, where they boost performance, efficiency, and reliability under extreme operational stress.

‌2. Plastic Bearings‌
  Plastic bearings are lightweight, reducing equipment weight and energy consumption. Their inherent self-lubrication eliminates the need for external grease, lowering maintenance costs.

  With a low friction coefficient, they minimize noise and offer strong electrical insulation and corrosion resistance, making them suitable for environments requiring insulation or anti-corrosion properties. Plastic bearings are widely used in electronics (e.g., hard drives, optical drives) for their quiet, high-precision operation, ensuring stable performance and improved data storage/retrieval accuracy.

‌3. Metal Matrix Composite Bearings‌
  These bearings combine a metal base (e.g., aluminum, titanium) with reinforcements like ceramic particles or carbon fibers, merging metal toughness/strength with enhanced hardness, wear resistance, and heat resistance. By tailoring reinforcement types, concentrations, and distributions, their performance can be precisely tuned for specific conditions.

  Metal matrix composites withstand higher combustion pressures and temperatures, reduce friction losses, and improve engine thermal efficiency and reliability. They are commonly applied in automotive engine components like piston pins and crankshafts.

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