Common lubricants include lubricating oil and lubricating grease. Lubricating oil is classified by viscosity, while lubricating grease is classified by consistency. The consistency of lubricating grease is classified according to the NLGI consistency grade standard formulated by the National Lubricating Grease Institute (NLGI), also known as needle penetration and cone penetration.

The consistency of lubricating grease represents the hardness of the grease. The experimental methods for testing the consistency are ASTM D 217 (consistency test of new grease) and ASTM D 1403 (testing the consistency of used grease). Different equipment requires grease of a specific consistency for lubrication, so the consistency grade has nothing to do with the performance of the grease. The consistency grade of lubricating grease is the first ID to be looked at in the selection of grease. Only the right one should be selected. According to the requirements of the OEM (equipment manufacturer), the grease of the appropriate consistency grade should be used. The most widely used grease brand at present is No. 2, and the most common type is lithium-based gre  ase. In other words, No. 2 lithium-based grease is our most common.

The consistency test is to use a cone of specified weight to measure the depth of the cone sinking into the grease after a specified time at 25°C, so it is also called cone penetration, and its unit is 0.1mm. The larger the cone penetration value, the softer and thinner the grease, and vice versa. NLGI divides the consistency into 9 grades, and the consistency of the grease increases from 000 to 6, that is, the larger the number, the harder the grease.

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