In the field of modern mechanical engineering, precision bearings play a vital role. They are like the precision valves in the heart of a machine. Although small, they are of great importance. With their excellent performance, they ensure the stable and efficient operation of various high-end equipment. Precision bearings refer to bearings that have achieved micron-level or even nanometer-level precision requirements through precision machining. They are usually used in high-precision equipment with strict requirements on speed, temperature, vibration, load, etc., such as aerospace, precision instruments, medical equipment and high-speed machine tools.

The main characteristics of precision bearings include: high hardness and wear resistance, micron-level dimensional accuracy, high surface finish, extremely low friction, good vibration and noise control.

Precision machining standards The machining standards of precision bearings are usually based on international standards such as ISO:492 (bearing tolerances) and ISO:281 (bearing life). The precision requirements usually include:
(1) Dimensional tolerance: usually requires tolerances to reach the micron level or even sub-micron level.
(2) Geometric accuracy: The raceways, rolling elements and cages of the bearings are required to have extremely high geometric accuracy to reduce friction and heat during operation.
(3) Surface roughness: The surface roughness requirement of precision bearings is extremely low, usually Ra ≤ 0.01 µm.
(4) Heat treatment and surface hardening: Bearing materials need to undergo precise heat treatment processes to ensure sufficient strength and wear resistance, usually through quenching, tempering and other methods. The precision requirements of precision bearings are extremely stringent, and their dimensional tolerances are usually controlled at the micron level. Some high-precision bearings can even reach the submicron level to ensure stable performance under high-speed rotation and extreme environments. In terms of geometric accuracy, components such as raceways, rolling elements and cages are required to have extremely high shape accuracy and position accuracy to reduce friction and vibration.

In addition, hardness is also one of the important indicators for measuring the accuracy of precision bearings. Generally, through precise heat treatment processes, the bearing material reaches a suitable hardness range, thereby ensuring the wear resistance and deformation resistance of the bearing under high loads.

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